The rules relating to experimentation on animals are defined, at the moment, by the Directive 86/09 of the European Council of November, 24 th 1986 which should be amended shortly. The OPECST, on a reference from the Bureau of the National Assembly, shall have to identify the principles applicable to experimentation on animals, taking into account a new context characterized by the expectations of the society in favour of the well-being of the animals, shall have to study the situation of the animals in the research laboratories, in Europe, new experimentation methods on animals and those that can replace or improve them, and shall determine the fields where experimentation on animals represents a necessity.