Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) offers opportunities to transform productivity and accelerate economic growth, but it also poses risks, including threats to national security. Sustained investments in AI research and development have enabled the United States to be a longstanding global leader in AI. However, AI is a competitive field that evolves rapidly. This engagement will develop a framework for assessing U.S. capabilities and capacity in comparison to peer nations and adversaries to provide a coherent and consistent understanding of U.S. competitiveness in this critical technology. Key Questions: 1) What outcomes reflect a country's competitiveness in artificial intelligence, and what factors drive these outcomes? 2) What are the key components of a framework for assessing international competitiveness in artificial intelligence? 3) What measurements and methodologies are effective for supporting such a framework?