Following the end of the Cold War, Sweden began dismantling its civil defence. The re-establishment of civil defence began in 2015, and in May 2022 the government decided on the so-called structural reform. The reform comprises two new ordinances and a number of amendments to existing ordinances concerning civil defence and societal emergency preparedness, which entered into force on 1 October 2022. The follow-up shows, in general terms, that significant developments have occurred in a short period regarding the organisation of the three preparedness sectors. There is strong commitment among the actors within the preparedness system to the work of rebuilding civil defence, and developments are proceeding rapidly. Furthermore, the follow-up indicates that the sectors and the broader preparedness system are in a phase of gradually shifting from planning to the implementation of concrete preparedness measures. However, the follow-up also reveals that there are complex issues still to be resolved, and new challenges are likely to arise as the development of the preparedness system continues.