(1) To investigate how science, technology, and innovation (STI) regimes have co-evolved in the regions of Flanders and Wallonia (Belgium) since the regionalization of competences in the 1980s, and how innovation has become a tool in regional policy and the formation of regional identities;(2) To examine how Flanders and Wallonia have each adapted and responded to the influence of new political and economic principles (e.g. competitiveness, entrepreneurship, relevance) on science policy, the emergence and institutionalization of strategic science as a new policy regime, and present-day calls for “responsible innovation”;(3) To link together and focus objectives (1) and (2) by exploring the emergence of technology assessment (TA) ideas and practices (e.g. parliamentary TA) as locally-enacted reactions to dominant policy paradigms that potentially remold the relationship between science and society;(4) To assess to which extent, and how, TA is an indicator of broader socio-economic and cultural patterns, such as neoliberalization and reflexive modernization; thus utilizing TA as a frame of reference for comparative analysis in public policy and science policy, as well as science and technology studies;(5) To stimulate debate among politicians, researchers, and TA practitioners on possible futures of innovation policy in Flanders and Wallonia, as well as purposeful interaction between TA and STI.