Renewable natural resources are being impacted by a range of pressures, such as biodiversity loss and climate change. A minimum level of natural resources is required to maintain the capacity of ecosystems to sustain human well-being at acceptable levels. If governments do not monitor effectively the use or degradation of natural resource systems in national account frameworks (‘environmental accounting’), the risks of incurring costs to future economic productivity are not taken into account, nor are impacts on human wellbeing.