The publication looks into causes and consequences of well-being and ill-being as well as the future of national diseases. It starts with the foreword and conclusions by Committee for the Future. The main body of the report is divided into two parts. Part 1 includes 11 texts from 17 experts from different academic field. All authors were asked to explore from the perspective of their discipline the apparent paradox that both well-being and ill-being seem to be increasing in the Finnish society. The experts were also asked to formulate future questions and policy suggestions. Part 2 of the publication includes 6 texts by 10 experts of national health and national diseases. They were asked to explore ongoing and rising trends in the living habits and living environments of people and anticipate the future implications of these trends. The experts were also asked to list policy implications.