-> A sustainable bioeconomy within the planetary boundaries, i.e. earth’s ecological carrying capacity, is an important building block on the way to a carbon-neutral, sustainable society. -> Great expectations: (Future) biotechnology is expected to contribute to climate and resource protection on a large scale by increasing circularity, improving the cascading use of renewable resources, or by directly contributing to the production of biomass, food, and energy. -> Challenge: Industrial biotechnology itself often requires large amounts of energy and resources such as water, whose sustainable provision must be ensured.